Everyday Products, Hidden Risks

First published in Woopi News in September 2025

Have you ever read the ingredients of your household and cosmetic products? Do words like “2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol” concern you? Did you know that “fragrance” (or “parfum”) on a label is an umbrella term that companies can legally use to protect their trade secrets? Here is a breakdown of six toxic ingredients in common personal care and cleaning products, where they are found, and what harm they could be doing.

1.       1-4-dioxane is a by-product of a chemical process where ethylene oxide, a known breast carcinogen, is added to other chemicals to reduce their harshness. It is a probable human carcinogen (IARC) from low-level exposure, and higher acute exposures can cause liver, kidney and respiratory damage. Found in shampoos, conditioners, skin care, personal care, laundry detergents and household cleaners. Avoid: Any ingredient with “eth” in the name e.g. sodium laureth sulphate.

2.       Nitrosamines are also classified as probable human carcinogens (WHO) and are found in cosmetics, skin care, personal care and hair care products. Avoid: MEA, DEA, TEA.

3.       Phthalates are commonly used as solvents in fragrances (parfum) to enhance scent. They are endocrine disruptors that can harm the developing foetus and male testes. Long-term exposure causes liver and kidney damage. High level exposure causes irritation to the eyes, nose and throat, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headache. Found in air fresheners, perfumes, cosmetics, hair spray, nail polish and cleaning products. Avoid: Fragrance (Parfum), DBP, DEP.

4.       Parabens are used as preservatives in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and foods. They are hormone disruptors and reproductive toxins. Found in deodorants, cosmetics, shampoos, moisturisers, shaving gels, toothpaste and cleaning products. Avoid: Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl and Butyl Paraben, Japanese Honeysuckle Extract.

5.       Formaldehyde is a known human carcinogen (IARC) and central nervous system depressant. Low level exposure causes eye, nose and throat irritation and can cause skin and lung allergies. Found in detergents, cosmetics, shampoos, bubble baths, hair conditioners, mouthwashes and skin disinfectants. Avoid: Sodium hydroxymethylglycinate, Imidazolidinyl urea, Diazolidinyl urea and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol.

6.       Triclosan accumulates in our bodies and causes skin irritation, allergic reactions, endocrine disruption, and has potential links to cancer and antibiotic resistance. Found in antibacterial soaps, deodorants, toothpastes, cosmetics.

While this information may seem overwhelming, the good news is there are apps like Yuka Food & Cosmetic Scanner that you can use to scan a barcode and receive a health score out of 100. I just scanned the Miessence toothpaste I use and was pleased to see a score of 100/100! If apps are not your thing, a Certified Building Biologist can assist you in choosing personal care and cleaning products that help you create a healthier home.